ACNE (PIMPLES)
What Is Acne?
Acne, commonly known as pimples, is a skin condition characterized by the formation of pimples due to hyperactivity of the oil glands and clogging of pores on the face, back, and body. It is primarily seen in two separate periods: adolescent acne and adult acne (after the age of 25). Acne can range from mild to moderate to severe.
What Causes Acne?
Increased oil secretion during adolescence accumulates in hair follicles and oil glands, leading to the formation of blackheads or whiteheads called comedones.
Factors such as applying oily creams, sweating, wearing makeup, and not using proper cleansers can clog pores, allowing bacteria to accumulate and cause pimples.
Is there a LInk between Acne and LIver DIsorders?
There is no relationship between acne and liver disorders.
Is There a GenetIc PredIsposItIon to Acne?
There is a genetic predisposition, and it is more common in individuals with a family history of severe acne.
Is There a RelatIonshIp between DIet and Acne?
A direct link between the food we eat and acne has not been established.
However, recent studies have shown that food that rapidly increase blood sugar levels trigger insulin and certain hormones, thus exacerbating acne.
These foods include chocolate, potatoes, white bread, sugar, fast food, fried foods, packaged fruit juices, and crackers. It is not recommended to consume excessive amounts of these foods.
Is There a ConnectIon between Menstrual IrregularItIes and Acne?
If acne begins after the age of 25 and is accompanied by symptoms such as menstrual irregularities, weight gain, and excessive hair growth around the chin, abdomen, and nipples, evaluation should be done for hormonal disorders and polycystic ovary syndrome.
Complaints of acne may increase during menstrual periods, which is a natural process caused by hormones.
Is PoppIng the Acne Recommended?
Absolutely not; squeezing or picking at acne is not recommended. Picking at acne can spread inflammation and increase the risk of scarring.
However, under a doctor’s supervision, comedones can be cleaned, and abscesses can be drained.
Is There a RelatIonshIp between Sun Exposure and Acne?
Sunlight can alleviate acne. However, oil-free sunscreen should be used, and direct sun exposure should be avoided. Otherwise, it may cause pigmentation.
Can Acne Go Untreated?
Due to the recurrence of acne, psychological stress it causes, and the possibility of leaving permanent scars, it must be treated by a dermatologist. The duration of treatment is determined according to the patient’s condition.
How Is Acne Treated?
Treatment for acne will be tailored according to its severity. Every patient is different, and each treatment is individualized. An average response is seen within 2-4 months. Currently, there are four main approaches to acne treatment:
- Topical Treatments: Products containing antibiotics (erythromycin, clindamycin, tetracycline), benzoyl peroxide, retinoids, tretinoin, isotretinoin, and adapalene can be used for mild and moderate acne.
- Oral Antibiotic Therapy: In cases recommended by your dermatologist, antibiotics from the tetracycline, erythromycin, or azithromycin group can be used for 2-6 months.
- Isotretinoin Therapy: It is a vitamin A derivative that is effective in severe acne or cases where there is no response to antibiotic therapy.
It is a highly effective treatment, but it has various side effects. The most common one is dry skin, especially dry lips, but most of these side effects usually disappear after treatment.
Routine liver function tests and lipid profile are checked before and during treatment.
A pregnancy test should be done before starting the medication, during treatment, and 1 month after the end of treatment in young women of childbearing age.
During treatment, at least two methods of contraception should be used.
- Other Methods: Some patients have had successful results with oral contraceptive pills, lasers, radiofrequency, and phototherapy for acne.
The most important point in treatment is to comply with the doctor’s recommendations and advice.
